Apptronik

Humanoid robots powered by Helix, an in-house vision-language-action model.

Figure AI builds general-purpose humanoid robots (Figure 01–03) driven by Helix, its proprietary vision-language-action model that fuses perception, language, and learned control. Figure 03, announced in 2025, targets the home and broader applications; earlier models were piloted in BMW's automotive manufacturing.

NEO, a home humanoid robot driven by the onboard Redwood vision-language-action model.

1X (1X Technologies) builds NEO, a household humanoid robot powered by Redwood, a 160M-parameter vision-language-action model that jointly controls locomotion and manipulation for tasks like laundry and answering the door. Redwood runs on NEO's onboard GPU and pairs with an off-board language model for voice control. NEO ships from 2026 at $20,000 or $499/month.

A single, omni-bodied foundation model designed to control any robot.

Skild AI builds Skild Brain, a general-purpose robotics foundation model intended to control diverse embodiments — quadrupeds, humanoids, tabletop arms, mobile manipulators — without prior knowledge of a robot's exact form. It pretrains on large-scale simulation and internet video, then post-trains on targeted real-world data for customer deployments.

General-purpose foundation models that aim to control any robot to do any task.

Physical Intelligence is a San Francisco lab building general-purpose AI for the physical world. Its π0 (pi-zero) vision-language-action model, built on a pretrained VLM and trained across many robot embodiments, can perform dexterous tasks like folding laundry. The company open-sourced π0's code and weights via its openpi repository.